Go

Go is a:

• Statically typed
• Compiled programming
• Garbage-collected

Language designed at Google. It is syntactically similar to C, but with memory safety, structural typing, and CSP-style concurrency

Hello, World

1. To create a simple "Hello, World!" program in Go, you can use the following code:

   // hello-world.go
   package main    // package declaration
   
   
   import "fmt"    // import the fmt package for formatted I/O
   
   func main() {   // main function - entry point of the program
       fmt.Println("Hello, World!")
   }

2. To run the program, save it to a file named hello-world.go, then use the following command in your terminal:

   go run hello-world.go

3. We can also build the program into an executable binary using:

   go build hello-world.go
   
   ./hello-world  # On Unix-like systems
   hello-world.exe  # On Windows

Syntax of Go

Go has a simple and clean syntax

Variables

Variables are declared using the var keyword

• Type of variable comes after the variable name
• Type can be inferred if variable is initialized at the time of declaration
• Use := for short variable declaration and initialization only inside functions and only when the variable is being declared for the first time

var x int = 10          // Declare an integer variable
var name = "Go"         // Type inferred as string
y := 20                 // Short variable declaration

var a, b int = 1, 2    // Multiple variable declaration of same type
var c, d = 3, "four"   // Multiple variable declaration with type inference